Corn year-end supplies up 35% from 2025

WASHINGTON — Old crop marketing year-end corn stocks are up 35% from a year ago, while soybeans and wheat stored in all positions are lower.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service quarterly grain stocks report, released Sept. 30, also included revisions to the 2025 corn and soybean production, a typical adjustment at the end of a marketing year.

USDA lowered the 2025 corn crop by 57 million bushels to 16.964 billion on fewer harvested acres and no yield change and reduced last year’s soybean crop by 1 million bushels to 4.261 billion.

Old crop corn stocks in all positions on Sept. 1 totaled 2.095 billion bushels, 35% higher than the 1.551 billion on Sept. 1, 2025.

Of the total, 787 million bushels of corn are stored on-farm and 1.31 billion bushels were stored off-farm.

The June-August 2026 indicated disappearance is 3.20 billion bushels, compared with 3.10 billion bushels during the same period a year ago.

Soybeans

NASS estimates old crop soybean stocks in all positions on Sept 1 totaled 315 million bushels, down 3% from the 325 million on Sept. 1, 2025.

Of the total, 90.4 million bushels are stored on-farm and 225 million bushels of soybeans were stored off-farm.

The June-August 2026 indicated disappearance is 744 million bushels, compared with 683 million bushels during the same period a year ago.

All Wheat

All wheat stocks in all positions on Sept. 1 totaled 1.846 billion bushels is 14% lower than on Sept. 1, 2025, when supplies were at 2.134 billion.

Of the total, 547 million bushels are stored on-farm and 1.30 billion bushels were stored off- farm.

The June-August 2026 indicated disappearance is 608 million bushels, compared with 710 million bushels during the same period a year ago

Survey Procedures

The grain stocks estimates in this report are based on surveys conducted during the first two weeks of September. Separate surveys are conducted to obtain the on-farm and off-farm estimates.

The on-farm stocks survey is a probability survey that includes a sample of approximately 66,600 farm operators selected from a list of producers that ensures all operations in the United States have a chance to be selected.

These producers are asked to provide the total quantities of grain stored on their operations as of Sept. 1. This includes all whole grains and oilseeds stored whether for feed, seed, or sale as well as any stored under a government program.

The off-farm stocks survey is an enumeration of all known commercial grain storage facilities. This includes approximately 7,800 facilities with 11.9 billion bushels of storage capacity. An effort is made to obtain a report from all facilities.

Reports of stock holdings are normally received from operations covering about 90% of the capacity. Estimates are made for missing facilities to make the survey complete.

Corn Stocks by Position

Sept. 1, 2025 and 2026

(1,000 bushels)

Illinois

On-farm 2025: 56,000

Off-farm 2025: 109,541

On-farm 2026: 58,000

Off-farm 2026: 194,947

Indiana

On-farm 2025: 35,000

Off-farm 2025: 48,492

On-farm 2026: 39,000

Off-farm 2026: 48,297

Iowa

On-farm 2025: 130,000

Off-farm 2025: 208,328

On-farm 2026: 140,000

Off-farm 2026: 275,547

Soybean Stocks by Position

Sept. 1, 2025 and 2026

(1,000 bushels)

Illinois

On-farm 2025: 8,200

Off-farm 2025: 35,949

On-farm 2026: 6,600

Off-farm 2026: 35,641

Indiana

On-farm 2025: 3,900

Off-farm 2025: 19,822

On-farm 2026: 8,400

Off-farm 2026: 19,711

Iowa

On-farm 2025: 12,500

Off-farm 2025: 48,503

On-farm 2026: 11,500

Off-farm 2026: 39,768