Grain stocks up entering last quarter

WASHINGTON — Grain stocks are higher than a year ago heading into the last quarter of the 2025-2026 marketing year.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service quarterly grain stocks reflects on-farm and off-farm stored stocks as of June 1.

U.S. corn stocks stored in all positions this June 1 totaled 5.29 billion bushels, up 14% from June 1, 2025.

Of the total corn stocks, 2.96 billion bushels are stored on farms, a 16% increase from a year earlier. Off-farm stocks, at 2.34 billion bushels, are up 12% from a year ago.

The March-May 2026 indicated disappearance of corn is 3.74 billion bushels, compared with 3.5 billion bushels during the same period last year.

U.S. soybeans stored in all positions on June 1 totaled 1.06 billion bushels, 5% higher than on June 1, 2025. On-farm stocks totaled 367 million bushels, down 11% from a year ago. Off-farm stocks, at 694 million bushels, are up 16% from a year ago.

Indicated disappearance of soybeans for the March-May 2026 quarter totaled 1.06 billion bushels, 18% above the same period a year earlier.

Old crop all U.S. wheat stored in all positions on June 1 totaled 920 million bushels, up 8% from a year ago. On-farm stocks are estimated at 177 million bushels, down 4% from last year. Off-farm stocks, at 743 million bushels, are up 11% from a year ago.

The March-May 2026 indicated disappearance is 383 million bushels of wheat, up slightly from the same period a year earlier.

Survey Procedures

The grain stocks estimates in this report are based on surveys conducted during the first two weeks of June. Separate surveys are conducted to obtain the on-farm and off-farm estimates.

The on-farm stocks survey is a probability survey that includes a sample of approximately 90,300 farm operators selected from a list of producers that ensures all operations in the United States have a chance to be selected.

These producers are asked to provide the total quantities of grain stored on their operations as of June 1. This includes all whole grains and oilseeds stored whether for feed, seed, or sale, as well as any stored under a government program.

The off-farm stocks survey is an enumeration of all known commercial grain storage facilities. This includes approximately 7,800 facilities with 11.9 billion bushels of storage capacity.

An effort is made to obtain a report from all facilities. Reports of stock holdings are normally received from operations covering about 90% of the capacity.

Estimates are made for missing facilities to make the survey complete.

Corn Stocks By Position

June 1, 2025 and 2026

(1,000 bushels)

Illinois

On-farm 2025: 335,000

Off-farm 2025: 415,096

On-farm 2026: 365,000

Off-farm 2026: 439,115

Indiana

On-farm 2025: 165,000

Off-farm 2025: 114,004

On-farm 2026: 170,000

Off-farm 2026: 123,697

Iowa

On-farm 2025: 495,000

Off-farm 2025: 408,022

On-farm 2026: 540,000

Off-farm 2026: 446,429

Soybean Stocks By Position

June 1, 2025 and 2026

(1,000 bushels)

Illinois

On-farm 2025: 55,000

Off-farm 2025: 118,179

On-farm 2026: 64,000

Off-farm 2026: 137,225

Indiana

On-farm 2025: 38,000

Off-farm 2025: 33,741

On-farm 2026: 27,000

Off-farm 2026: 47,814

Iowa

On-farm 2025: 73,000

Off-farm 2025: 110,159

On-farm 2026: 56,000

Off-farm 2026: 121,736