March 28, 2024

‘Rotten timing’: Grain markets uninspired by trade deals

GIFFORD, Ill. — Hope that the trade agreements announced in January would bolster the anemic commodity market were quickly quelled, leaving trade-watchers scratching their heads.

President Donald Trump and Chinese Vice Premier Liu He signed Phase 1 of a U.S.-China trade agreement Jan. 15. One day later, the U.S. Senate followed the House’s suit and approved the new U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement. Trump signed USMCA into law Jan. 29, and the agreement is now up to Canada for ratification.

Curt Kimmel, Bates Commodities owner and commodity broker, analyzed the market’s blasé reaction in an interview at the firm’s Midwest Ag Expo booth Jan. 29.

Does the lackadaisical move by the markets after the trade announcements indicate the market already factored those agreements in or is there more to it?

“China has been going on for a year and a half. The trade was worn out. We did see the soybean market rally 60 to 70 cents ahead of that signing, so there is some thought that maybe we bought the rumor and now we sold the fact.

“The thing is with this Phase 1 signing is it’s rotten timing from the standpoint that most of the boats are going to the southern hemisphere right now to ship the South American soybeans. We did see some sales prior to that Phase 1 signing. That was just to give them cushion until this South American crop came online.

“If we’re going to get a positive from Phase 1, I think it’s going to be later on in June and July when they start booking new crop and shift those boats from the Southern Hemisphere to the Northern Hemisphere.

“Also, South America has favorable weather. They have some dry spots and so forth, but the weather is favorable. So, to get bullish news in soybeans we need to see a port strike, dock strike, truck strike or something to get the trade excited.

“The key is Canada and Mexico. Mexico is a huge buyer of corn and pork. We just need to get all of the countries to agree on (USMCA) because if we don’t see a general agreement there that could be another thorn in the side as we move forward.”

Is the market to the point now where there has to be actual sales in the books before there is positive price movement after many months of talk?

“Yes, there are loopholes in the Phase 1 contract with China. You can back out in 60 days. There’s a 30-day window before anything happens. They’re not going to say they’re going to buy soybeans on such a date.”

China has been hit hard with the Africa swine fever with millions of pigs being culled, according to reports. What impact does that have on the U.S. hog market?

“Reports are that China lost 40% of its hog herd. So, they’ve gone through the world market and there’s a lot of enthusiasm, a lot of excitement about coming to the U.S.

“So far, they’ve bought minimal from the U.S. They do have a company called WH Group that bought Smithfield Foods (based in Smithfield, Virginia) in 2013. So, they have that source if they need it.

“The thing about it is it’s bullish long-term from the standpoint that they’ll start replenishing those gilts and sows, so we’ll see a breeding herd go there. They bought a lot of Danish hogs.

“But with this flu in the hogs and the flu with the people, the concern now is that we’re not seeing people go out to eat or travel in China, so meat consumption could be put on hold.

“The other thing is I think they shutdown the wild animal market and so hopefully they’ll come and buy traditional pork and beef versus wild animals.”

A comment was once made by another commodity trader that a tweet can now move the market 25 cents one way or the other.

“Never has a president gone public as much as he has. It’s kind of interesting that people weigh on that. And part of that is we’ve got so many computers trading the market now and they’ll read the headline or read Twitter and see it and react not knowing what the consequences are.”

Brazil is projected for a record soybean crop of 123 million metric tons, breaking the previous high mark by one million tons. Historically, South American soybeans flood the global market once their crops are harvested earlier in the year and it shifts to U.S. soybeans later in the year after our harvest. How does that all play into U.S. and the global market?

“It’s come to light over the years that we’re losing market share of the world and that’s a concern. You want to keep that market share. There are the different seasons and we have to use those different seasonals to our advantage that we know they’re going to be buying and we have to take advantage of that purchasing power to sell when that happens.

“We can’t wait around for some more opportunities down the road because it’s just like clockwork. Those shippers are going to have the boats in the northern hemisphere to capture our fall harvest and then they’re going to move those boats to the southern hemisphere to capture that market.

“The only way we’re going to get real market-sensitive is if we have an extreme problem in either the northern or southern hemisphere to kind of break that up.”